The Structure and Seasonal Dynamics of Coprophagous Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) Communities in Later Developmental Stages of Pine Stands in NW Poland

The research was conducted in Czluchow Forest (Polish: Lasy Czluchowskie) in NW Poland. Eight research plots, representing later developmental stages of pine stands, were established. Five traps baited with cow dung were set in each of the plots. In total, 47389 specimens of dung beetles (coprophagous Scarabaeoidea) were collected, representing 30 species; earth-boring dung beetles (Geotrupidae) Anoplotrupes stercorosus and Trypocopris vernalis dominated in the collected material. Three communities of dung beetle were differentiated, based on the season of adult activity: spring type (characterized by high species richness and the presence of Aphodius ater, A. fossor, A. nemoralis, A. pusillus, A. sphacelatus, A. sticticus, A. subterraneus, Heptaulacus testudinarius, Oxyomus sylvestris and Onthophagus nuchicornis ), summer type (characterized by much lower species richness, distinguished by the presence of Aphodius sordidus ), and autumn type (characterized by the lowest species richness, with two characteristic species: Aphodius contaminatus and A. paykulli ).