The Conceptual Framework for Operation of Cyber-Physical Systems

Scientific studies focused on search for ways of building and operating cyber-physical systems are important because integration of physical processes, devices and data by use of cyber-physical systems creates new capacities for control of the physical world, including devices, manufacturing facilities and infrastructures, and opens up new real perspectives for national economies. The object of the study is cyber-physical systems for solving the problems of intellectual control of physical objects. The study is conducted as a contribution in building up a conceptual model of the cyber-physical system’s interactions with the external environment. A generalized scheme of such interaction model is proposed with accounting for feedback, which positive role is that it enables for identification of disturbing impacts on the state of the physical environment, resulting in uncertainties of the latter’s operation. The main functions of feedback in a cyber-physical system is to help produce controlling impacts on a controlled object by use of intellectual control, due to compensating disturbances and maintaining the state of stable equilibrium of the system. Several existing approaches to building conceptual models of cyber-physical systems which interaction with the environment are two-dimensional: cybernetic and physical. The article’s objective is to build a model for taking a controlling decision in cybernetic systems. Its result is an elaborated generalized scheme for taking a controlling decision in such systems. This generalized scheme is based on the information model, which components are interaction of a cyber-physical system with objects of the physical environment, with other systems and a system of artificial intellect, and with the following processes: measuring and computing processes, controlling processes, and communication processes. The described information model helps eliminate the consequences of unpredictable behavior of a cyber-physical system. The presented results are a contribution in the studies on effective control of physical objects, actively elaborated today. Use of the proposed components of the conceptual model will enable to increase the effectiveness of system monitoring of the operation of a physical object given better justification of taken decisions.