A UBET Analysis of Non-axisymmetric Forward and Backward Extrusion

A UBET analysis has been carried out to predict the forming load and the extruded length of forward and backward extrusion of hexagonal and trochoidal wrench colts. For the upper bound load and the average length of the extruded billets are determined by minimizing the total energy consumption rate which is a function of unknown velocities and parameters at each element. Experiments are carried out with antimony-lead billets at room temperature using hexagonal and trochoidal shaped punches. The theoretical predictions of the forming load and the extruded length are in good agreement with the experimetal results.