Divisibility and Arithmetic

This chapter concerns the simplest part of number theory, which is the study of integers or whole numbers. We also tell how to perform arithmetic with the very large integers used in cryptography. The reader may consult one of the many excellent number theory texts such as [ 78 ], [ 98 ] or [ 51 ] for more details or alternate proofs. The text by Rosen [ 99 ] has the same computational flavor as this book.