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2020•Journal of Physics PhotonicsOpen access

Highly non-linear ionization of atoms induced by intense high-harmonic pulses

Björn Senfftleben, Martin Kretschmar, Andreas Hoffmann, Mario Sauppe, J. Tümmler, I. Will, Tamás Nagy, Marc J. J. Vrakking, Daniela Rupp, Bernd Schütte

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Abstract

Abstract Intense extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) pulses enable the investigation of XUV-induced non-linear processes and are a prerequisite for the development of attosecond pump - attosecond probe experiments. While highly non-linear processes in the XUV range have been studied at free-electron lasers (FELs), high-harmonic generation (HHG) has allowed the investigation of low-order non-linear processes. Here we suggest a concept to optimize the HHG intensity, which surprisingly requires a scaling of the experimental parameters that differs substantially from optimizing the HHG pulse energy. As a result, we are able to study highly non-linear processes in the XUV range using a driving laser with a modest (≈ 10 mJ) pulse energy. We demonstrate our approach by ionizing Ar atoms up to Ar5 + , requiring the absorption of at least 10 XUV photons.

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Abstract Intense extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) pulses enable the investigation of XUV-induced non-linear processes and are a prerequisite for the development of attosecond pump - attosecond probe experiments. While highly non-linear processes in the XUV range have been studied at free-electron lasers (FELs), high-harmonic generation (HHG) has allowed the investigation of low-order non-linear processes. Here we suggest a concept to optimize the HHG intensity, which surprisingly requires a scaling of the experimental parameters that differs substantially from optimizing the HHG pulse energy. As a result, we are able to study highly non-linear processes in the XUV range using a driving laser with a modest (≈ 10 mJ) pulse energy. We demonstrate our approach by ionizing Ar atoms up to Ar5 + , requiring the absorption of at least 10 XUV photons.

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Available abstract

Abstract Intense extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) pulses enable the investigation of XUV-induced non-linear processes and are a prerequisite for the development of attosecond pump - attosecond probe experiments. While highly non-linear processes in the XUV range have been studied at free-electron lasers (FELs), high-harmonic generation (HHG) has allowed the investigation of low-order non-linear processes. Here we suggest a concept to optimize the HHG intensity, which surprisingly requires a scaling of the experimental parameters that differs substantially from optimizing the HHG pulse energy. As a result, we are able to study highly non-linear processes in the XUV range using a driving laser with a modest (≈ 10 mJ) pulse energy. We demonstrate our approach by ionizing Ar atoms up to Ar5 + , requiring the absorption of at least 10 XUV photons.

Key concepts: Extreme ultraviolet, Attosecond, High harmonic generation, Physics, Laser, Ionization, Atomic physics, Electron

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