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2019•ANZ Journal of SurgeryOpen access

Prostate‐specific membrane antigen for the surgical oncologist: interpreting expression beyond the prostate

Matthew Farag, Damien Michael Bolton, Nathan Lawrentschuk

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Abstract

Abstract The use of prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) radiotracer in positron emission tomography (PET) has been successfully incorporated into the clinical management of prostate cancer. However, PSMA tracer uptake is not limited to prostate cancer tissue. We reviewed studies exploring PSMA expression beyond the prostate gland using techniques of 68Ga‐PSMA PET imaging and immunohistochemistry. PSMA expression has been associated with a variety of solid tumours, and the vasculature associated with neoplastic disease, suggesting that this trans‐membrane glycoprotein may be involved in the neovascularisation process in malignancy. These studies demonstrate the need for more research into the potential utility for 68Ga‐PSMA PET imaging in patients with non‐prostatic cancers.

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Abstract The use of prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) radiotracer in positron emission tomography (PET) has been successfully incorporated into the clinical management of prostate cancer. However, PSMA tracer uptake is not limited to prostate cancer tissue. We reviewed studies exploring PSMA expression beyond the prostate gland using techniques of 68Ga‐PSMA PET imaging and immunohistochemistry. PSMA expression has been associated with a variety of solid tumours, and the vasculature associated with neoplastic disease, suggesting that this trans‐membrane glycoprotein may be involved in the neovascularisation process in malignancy. These studies demonstrate the need for more research into the potential utility for 68Ga‐PSMA PET imaging in patients with non‐prostatic cancers.

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Available abstract

Abstract The use of prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) radiotracer in positron emission tomography (PET) has been successfully incorporated into the clinical management of prostate cancer. However, PSMA tracer uptake is not limited to prostate cancer tissue. We reviewed studies exploring PSMA expression beyond the prostate gland using techniques of 68Ga‐PSMA PET imaging and immunohistochemistry. PSMA expression has been associated with a variety of solid tumours, and the vasculature associated with neoplastic disease, suggesting that this trans‐membrane glycoprotein may be involved in the neovascularisation process in malignancy. These studies demonstrate the need for more research into the potential utility for 68Ga‐PSMA PET imaging in patients with non‐prostatic cancers.

Key concepts: Glutamate carboxypeptidase II, Prostate cancer, Immunohistochemistry, Positron emission tomography, Medicine, Prostate, Malignancy, Pathology

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