The Current Situation and Trend of International Competitiveness of Industries in China——An Analysis Based on Export Commodities

On the basis of classification according to the technical content of export commodities and the latest trade statistics,this paper studies the current situation and the trend of the international competitiveness of Industries in China.The results show that: ① If China’s manufactured products are arranged from low to high according to their technical content,their competitiveness,in general,shows an U-distribution.② The distance between current advantage exports and potential advantage products is close,which lay a good micro-foundation for the export structure of China to achieve a smooth transition.③ Some medium or high-tech manufactured goods,such as machinery and transport equipment,will lead the direction of China’s export structure’s transformation and upgrading,and the labor-intensive product groups with obvious competitiveness currently will be differentiated.④ In the future,the countries challenging China’s leading position in the field of low-tech products are mainly the Southern European countries,Central and Eastern European transition countries and India;In the field of mediumtech products,China mainly competes against the developed countries in Europe;In the field of high-tech products,China mainly needs to overtake the United States and the developed economies in Europe and East Asia.To improve the international competitiveness of industries in China,governments should attach great importance to the outstanding problem that the medium-tech manufactured goods are uncompetitive and its density is relatively small,take an objective view of the dual role of labor-intensive manufactured products in the transformation and upgrading of the export structure,optimize the combination of high-tech industry policy timely,and view value chain climbing as the most priority objective.