Some Aspects of the Accommodative Function Condition and Binocular Vision in Adult Patients with Hypermetropia, with Complex Hypermetropic and Mixed Astigmatism

Modern human life conditions are associated with the increase of visual load in the volume and intensity. It determines the social and scientific significance of the study of the visual system functional capabilities with refractive errors. Due to peculiarities such types of ametropia as hypermetropia, hypermetropic and mixed astigmatism are the cause of inadequate load on the visual analyzer. Foreign and Russian scientists mainly pay attention to the study of these functions in childhood, adolescence or presbyopic age. We studied the frequency and degree of binocular and accommodative disorders in adult patients (18–48 years) with hypermetropia, complex hypermetropic and mixed astigmatism. Depending on the type of ametropia, the patients were divided into 2 groups. Group I Hm ast included 58 patients with hypermetropia and complex hypermetropic astigmatism, group II Mixed ast — 60 patients with mixed astigmatism. Patients were divided into two subgroups depending on age: subgroup A included patients aged 18–34 years, subgroup B — patients aged 35–48 years. The control group was 50 persons with emmetropic refraction, which were also divided according to age into two subgroups. In the course of the study, there were noted violations of the accommodative, binocular, oculomotor functions in various combinations of one or several parameters in adult patients with hyperopia, complex hyperopic astigmatism, mixed astigmatism in 10–32 % of cases. A significant percentage of detected latent sensory-motor disorders determines the need for a detailed study of these functions to choose the optimal correction method.