Progress in Research of Hydrogen Storage Materials with High Capacity

Hydrogen energy is a kind of ideal secondary energy.The following three problems need to be solved in the development and application of hydrogen energy,i.e.production,storage and utilization of hydrogen.At the present stage,large-scale storage and transportation of hydrogen is the bottleneck of hydrogen energy application.Hydrogen storage methods include high-pressure gaseous storage,low-temperature liquid storage and solid-state storage.Among these three methods,the solid-state hydrogen storage can store hydrogen in solid-state materials through chemical reactions or physical adsorption,and this method is considered as the most promising way of hydrogen storage because of its high energy density and safety.High-capacity and light-weight hydrogen storage materials consisting of light elements,such as boron hydrides,aluminum hydrides,amido hydrides,and etc.,exhibit high theoretical hydrogen storage capacity of more than 5%(mass fraction),which brings a hope for the breakthrough of solid-state hydrogen storage materials and technologies.The future research of novel hydrogen storage materials will focus on the high-density hydrogen storage,close-to-room temperature operation,controllable storage/release of hydrogen,and long-life lightweight metal-based hydrides and systems.