Prevention of Major Adverse Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors

Management of hyperglycemia limits progression of microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).According to large-scale randomized control studies to demonstrate the cardiovascular safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibitors showed not only cardiovascular safety, but also cardiovascular benefits.Heart failure is adequately prevented by SGLT2 inhibitors regardless of history of heart failure.Additionally, SGLT inhibitors also showed renal protective benefits in slowing the decline of glomerular filtration rate and reducing proteinuria.SGLT2 inhibitors are beneficial to T2DM patients with established cardiovascular disease, high risk of heart failure, and renal impairment.As oral hypoglycemic agents, SGLT2 inhibitors not only control the serum glucose level, but also reduce the macrovascular complications of T2DM.