Callus Iduction and Differentiation for Value Medicinal Plant (Moringa oleifera) in Response to Different Explant Types and Growth Regulators

The laboratory experiments aims to investigate the response of different explant types obtained from a very value medicinal plant, Moringa oleifera for callus induction and its plant regeneration. Four different explant types (epicotyls, stems, leaves and shoot tips) were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) Medium fortified with various auxins 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and a-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at different concentrations of 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 mg/L singly or in combinations with different cytokinins (BA and Kin) to induce callus formation. The results obtained indicated that callus can be generated from all the tested plant parts, but there were very big differences among the characters of callus induced from the different explants. Shoots tips cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D at 2.0 mg/L in combination with BA at 0.5 mg/L induced Maximum callus formation percentage of 100 % coupled with the highest callus fresh weight of 9.99 g. For Callus differentiation, callus derived from shoot tip and cultured on MS media fortified with BA at 1.5 mg/L produced 100 % callus differentiation percentage and significantly the highest value of shoots number (10.36 shoots).