2014•arXiv (Cornell University)Open access

Effect of LOS/NLOS Propagation on Area Spectral Efficiency and Energy Efficiency of Small-Cells

Carlo Galiotto, Ismael Gómez-Miguélez, Nicola Marchetti, Linda Doyle

Abstract

In this paper we investigate the effect of Line-of-Sight (LOS) and Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) propagation on the Area Spectral Efficiency (ASE) and on the energy efficiency of dense small-cell networks. We show that including both LOS and NLOS propagation in the path-loss model provides a completely different picture of the behaviours of ASE and energy efficiency than what would be observed in case of either LOS or NLOS propagation only. In particular, with combined LOS/NLOS path-loss, the ASE exhibits superlinear and sublinear behaviour at low and high cell densities, respectively. In addition, the energy efficiency as a function of the cell density has a global maximum and is not a monotonically increasing function like in case of LOS or NLOS propagation only. Based on our findings, we claim that Line-of-Sight (LOS) and Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) propagations play an important role in studying the performance of extremely dense small-cell networks.

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Key concepts: Non-line-of-sight propagation, Path loss, Spectral efficiency, Line-of-sight, Efficient energy use, Function (biology), Path (computing), Energy (signal processing)