The evolution of nuclides

In the brief review the modern problems of the further evolution nuclides after formation of easiest of them H, D, 3He, 4He and, probably, 7Li in 100 seconds after the Big Bang are discussed.The possible ways of evolution nuclides in result are considered: equilibrium process of simultaneous synthesis; nonequilibrium process of capture of neutrons; nuclear of synthesis. The “standard” curve of distribution of chemical elements, as result of evolution nuclides from the Big Bang till now is given. The results of determination of the contents of chemical elements in atmospheres of stars of different spectral types are discussed and the mechanisms of enrichment of interstellar and intergalactic environment by heavy elements are considered. The special attention is given to determination of the contents of isotopes, as most important tests of this or that process nucleosynthesis. The comparison of the modern data about the contents of nuclides in meteorites with the data received for atmospheres of stars is carried out and it has shown on significant distinctions, which can not be explained within the framework of the modern theory of nucleosynthesis.