Propagation of Frequency-Modulated Electromagnetic Radiation in the Earth’s Ionosphere with Allowance for Absorption and the External Magnetic Field

Abstract Propagation of frequency-modulated signals in an anisotropic medium (Earth’s ionosphere) is numerically simulated with allowance for the effect of the electron collision frequency on deflecting absorption. Projections of ray paths onto different coordinate planes are considered. The influence of the divergence of the ray paths and absorption of radio waves on the attenuation of the radio signal for ordinary and extraordinary waves is studied. The calculations were performed for the daytime and nighttime models of the electron density and collision frequency of the high-latitude ionosphere.