Therapeutic Effects of Bee Venom

Bee venom (BV) has a long history of use in Korea for the relief of pain symptoms and for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis. There is some evidence for the underlying mechanisms involved in the venom’s anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Recent clinical and experimental reearch has confirmed that the venom and its active components can be applied to a broad spectrum of immunological and neurodegenerative diseases, including autoimmune diseases and Parkinson’s disease. BV has been shown to exhibit these effects by modulating immune cells in the periphery, together with glial cells and neurons in the central nervous system. This review sets out the latest scientific evidence concerning the therapeutic effects of BV and various components thereof in the context of a number of diseases, and provides a detailed description of the mechanisms.