Effect of Hydrodynamic Induced Cavitation and Supercavitation on Water Pollutants

Hydrodynamic induced cavitation generates imploding cavitation bubbles which can lead to degradation or even mineralisation of water constituents without addition of any chemicals. This technology overcomes the restrictions of ultrasound irradiation by the local production of a cavitation cloud close to the sonotrodes. In the presented paper hydrodynamic cavitation can be stabilized and extended inside a pipe downstream the nozzle depending on the ambient pressure conditions. If the pressure is kept low, the imploding cavitation bubbles generate new cavities, analogous to a chain reaction, and elevate the radical synthesis inside the apparatus. During the pilot tests using ethan-1,2-diol, the biological degradation characteristics changes significantly depending on cavitation exposure time. A significant difference on chemical effects was observed between imploding cavitation bubbles and supercavitation. Supercavitation can mobilize chemical stable compounds for further treatment.