AN ANALYSIS OF ILLOCUTIONARY ACTS IN "THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA" SHORT STORY BY ERNEST HEMINGWAY

Besides as a tool of communication, language can be used as a study. In general, the value of language is to share knowledge, ideas, and beliefs. Speech acts give people an idea about the power of language. It allows people to realize that they can perform many communicative functions by means of the language, for instance suggesting someone, ordering someone to do something, express feeling to someone and many more. Therefore this research was focused on the second dimension of speech acts that is illocutionary acts. It is because illocutionary acts can be classified into several kinds and each kind has a function and a purpose meaning. In this study, the writer analyzed the illocutionary acts in Old Man and short story by Ernest Hemingway. It aimed to identify the illocutionary acts used by Santiago the main character and to identify the types of illocutionary acts used by him. The research design of this study was descriptive qualitative because the data in this study was in the form of words and the data was explained descriptively. subject of this study was Santiago, the main character of short story. research instrument used in this study was document analysis. The findings of this study showed that there were 90 illocutionary acts utterances used by Santiago in The Old Man and Sea short story. From those illocutionary act utterances, 19 utterances were categorized as assertive, 25 utterances were categorized as directives, 24 utterances were categorized as commisive and 22 expressive. Declaratives type of speech act was not found in this study because Santiago was not someone who had special role in a specific context.