The Analysis of Maxims of Quantity and Quality in the Novel by Gayle Forman “If I Stay”

ABSTRACT Zaenudin. 2016. The Analysis of Maxims of Quantity and Quality in the Novel by Gayle Forman “If I Stay”. Graduating Paper English Education Department of State Institute for Islamic Studies (IAIN) Salatiga. Counselor : HanungTriyoko, S.S., M.Hum., M.Ed. Keywords : Maxim of quantity, maxim of quality, and violation. This research analyzes the maxim of quantity and the maxim of quality in the novel of Gayle Forman entitled “If I Stay”. The aims of this research are: (1) to find out whether there are utterances that violate the maxim of quantity and/or the maxim of quality in the novel; (2) to find out how the utterances in the novel violate the maxim of quantity and/or the maxim of quality; and (3) to find out which one of the two maxims is more frequent to be violated in the novel and why. This research uses qualitative approach and descriptive research method. This research has found 3 findings. First, there are found some utterances in the novel that violate the maxim of quantity and the maxim of quality, i.e. 27 utterances violate the maxim of quantity, 3 utterances violate the maxim of quality, and 2 utterances violate both the maxim of quantity and quality simultaneously. Second, the utterances in the novel violate the maxim of quantity in 2 ways, i.e. by being less informative and more informative. And the way the utterances in the novel violate the maxim of quality is by giving information that is not true. And third, the maxim of quantity is more frequent to be violated in the novel than the maxim of quality. It is because most of the characters (the speakers) that the author (Gayle Forman) creates in the novel are the characters that do not like to tell a lie. However, the characters are too cooperative and rather expressive that makes them produce utterances that are more informative than are required.