Precision in pediatric epilepsy

Epilepsy in infants and children is one of the most common and devastating neurological disorders. In the past, we had a limited understanding of the causes of epilepsy in pediatric patients, so we treated pediatric epilepsy according to seizure type. Now with new tools and tests, we are entering the age of precision medicine in pediatric epilepsy. In this review, we use the new etiological classification system proposed by the International League Against Epilepsy to review the advances in the diagnosis of pediatric epilepsy, describe new tools to identify seizure foci for epilepsy surgery, and define treatable epilepsy syndromes.