Between theory and ideology

After 1948, so-called Marxism-Leninism began to be almost exclusively identified with the theory of both the socialist revolution and the socialist economy. Significantly, economists were, analogically the National Front of political parties, labelled the Theoretical Front . The progress of Socialism was directly proportional to the level of collective ownership of production means eliminating the antagonistic disharmony typical of capitalistic production. In May 1949, the Party formed a programme to &s;train the new socialist intelligentsia&s;, the fundamental principle of which was the positive discrimination of students from worker and peasant families; in its consequence the class-political composition of students was to be changed. The chapter discusses the most important non-Marxist political economy book that penetrated during the whole Czechoslovak socialist period. In the course of the 20th century, Czechoslovak economics was affected by three devastating emigration waves: Of 1938, 1948 and 1968.