The composite Sierra Bermeja Pluton (southern Iberian Massif): science, heritage and geoconservation

The Sierra Bermeja Pluton (∼60 km2 surface area) exemplifies a type of controversial granites of the Iberian Massif (European Variscan Belt), the cordierite-bearing ‘Serie Mixta’ (mixed series) monzogranites. The pluton is included almost completely in the Cornalvo Natural Park (Badajoz, Spain), a relevant target area in Roman times. The geological mapping summarised in the presented map at 1:10,000 scale has revealed a complex intrusive assemblage. Three main cordierite-bearing monzogranite types that show local varieties constitute most of the massif. Monzogranite intrusions are younger towards the centre of the pluton and gave rise to outstanding mappable mingling/mixing zones in some areas. A NE–SW trending reduced dyke complex composed by vaugnerite series rocks, lamprophyres, aplites and quartz dykes, completes the lithological assemblage of the pluton. An inventory of Geologic Points of Interest to promote the geological knowledge of this remarkable protected area and its geoconservation is also presented.