A study of the application of fiberoptic bronchoscopy combined with liquid‑based cytology test in the early diagnosis of lung cancer

Application value of fiberoptic bronchoscopy combined with liquid-based cytology test (LCT) in the early diagnosis of lung cancer was investigated. Clinical data of 901 patients who had suspicious lung space-occupying lesions and underwent bronchoscopy combined with LCT in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from June 2012 to June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into four groups to receive different fiberoptic bronchoscopies combined with LCT. Patients in Group A (n=276) received bronchoscopic washing cultures (BWC), Group B (n=204) received bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), Group C (n=187) underwent endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) and Group D (n=234) underwent transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB). All patients received pathological biopsy to confirm the lesions. The diagnostic results of lung cancer and the incidence rates of postoperative adverse reactions/complications were analyzed and compared among the four groups. Among 901 patients, 741 cases were pathologically diagnosed with lung cancer. In Group A, there were 224 cases diagnosed with lung cancer, of which 193 cases were successfully detected with a detection rate of 86.17% and a κ-value of 0.426. In Group B, 171 cases were diagnosed with lung cancer, of which 149 cases were successfully detected with a detection rate of 87.13% and a κ-value of 0.430. In Group C, 154 cases were diagnosed with lung cancer, of which 146 cases were successfully detected with a detection rate of 94.81% and a κ-value of 0.769. In Group D, 192 cases were diagnosed with lung cancer, of which 170 cases were successfully detected with a detection rate of 88.54% and a κ-value of 0.440. Therefore, we conclude that fiberoptic bronchoscopy combined with LCT technique is safe and reliable for the diagnosis of the early-stage lung cancer.