Pattern of Dyslipidemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Jammu Region

Aim The most common complications of diabetes mellitus are peripheral neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease. Diabetic dyslipidemia usually includes elevated triglycerides (TG), elevated low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and decreased high-density lipoproteins (HDL) levels. The objective of the study was to investigate the pattern of dyslipidemia patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) attending Sub District Hospital Hiranagar, District Kathua, Jammu & Kashmir State.Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted during 3 months period from September 2017 to November 2017, with the patients of type 1 diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease and those on lipid-lowering drugs excluded from the study. The demographic parameters (age, gender) of the patients were recorded. Fasting blood samples of the patients were taken to measure serum lipid profile parameters.Results Out of 500 patients of T2DM, 209 were males and 291 were females. The mean age of the study population was 53.5 ± 12.0 years, with the mean duration of diabetes since diagnosis being 5.2 ± 3.34 years. Out of the total, 55.6% (278) were having high s erum triglyceride and an even higher no of patients 60.4% (302) were having raised LDL-cholesterol levels.Conclusion There is an increasing trend of diabetes and dyslipidemia in rural population with a relatively high prevalence amongst rural women and distributed equally amongst all age groups. It is advisable to go for aggressive lifestyle changes followed by medication with lipid-lowering drug. The optimal care of diabetic patients should include regular monitoring of blood sugar and full range serum lipid profile.