A Review: ETL-As a Tool in IPM Programme

In the recent era of modern insecticides, indiscriminate use of pesticides according to calendar base schedules not only results in unnecessary expenditure but it also creates many secondary problems like pesticides resistance, disruption of agro-ecosystem and environmental pollution. Therefor use of Economic threshold level in which the population density at which control measures should be under taken to prevent an increasing pest population from to reaching the economic injury level.The main importance is for decision making on scheduling of control and control methods by which when control methods are applied to establish the optimal amount of control this can be used to minimize risk of economic damage and environmental hazards. There are three ways of determining the economic threshold level in this we are determine the pest density at which some control should be exerted to prevent a pest population from increasing further and causing economic loss e.g. Bean leaf beetles in soybeans when defoliation reaches 30 percent (before bloom) and there are 5 or more beetles per foot of row.In the biological control use of parasites and predators for the control of insect pest is also dependent upon the realistic economic injury levels.We candetermine ETL for the different crop pest. So economic threshold level is an important tool in IPM programme and by using in management of insect-pest. We are estimating the cost: benefit ratio of different treatments used in the control operation.