Regulating Cryptocurrencies: New Challenges to Economic Security and Problems Created by Individuals Involved in the Schemes of Laundering Cryptocurrencies-Generated Profits

This article explores the mechanisms of the organization and operation of virtual payment systems. The appearance of such payment systems is associated with the development of Internet technologies in the field of mutual settlements for goods (works and services). The study aims at analyzing the classification, types of emission of cryptocurrencies, the mechanism of functioning of cryptocurrency systems; evaluating their impact on the monetary system and the involvement of individuals in the laundering of illegal incomes using cryptocurrencies; estimating prospects for the development of virtual payment systems in Russia and abroad, and defining mechanisms to counteract illegal activities. As a result, the current status of virtual cryptocurrency systems is estimated, their distinctive features and advantages are considered. The study also identifies drawbacks in the use of cryptocurrency with the involvement of individuals in the system of non-cash settlements. The results of the analysis of cryptocurrency systems can be useful for the improvement of the state monetary policy. Keywords: electronic money, bitcoin, cryptocurrency, blockchain, money laundering.