2018•Multiple Sclerosis JournalRequires access

Life-threatening autoimmune warm hemolytic anemia following treatment for multiple sclerosis with alemtuzumab

B. Meunier, Audrey Rico, J. Séguier, Clémence Boutière, Mikaël Ebbo, J.‐R. Harle, N. Schleinitz, Jean Pelletier

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Alemtuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody directed at CD52 approved as a disease-modifying therapy for relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of a life-threatening autoimmune anemia occurring after a first course of alemtuzumab for relapsing-remitting MS in a 28-year-old male. METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: A 28-year-old male developed a life-threatening autoimmune anemia occurring 11 months after first alemtuzumab course. CONCLUSION: We report the third case of autoimmune hemolytic anemia following treatment with alemtuzumab in a young MS patient. Due to the severity of this adverse event, neurologists using this treatment should be alert.

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Key concepts: Alemtuzumab, Autoimmune hemolytic anemia, Medicine, Multiple sclerosis, CD52, Anemia, Hemolytic anemia, Autoimmune disease