Microsporidiosis: An Emerging and Opportunistic Disease in Humans and Animals

Microsporidiosis is an emerging and opportunistic disease in human and a wide range of animals.  The disease is caused by Microsporidia, the obligate intracellular parasite which were reclassified from protozoa to fungi. Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon intestinalisare the most common species cause disease in immunocompromised individuals; however, they were identified in many animals from various areas including Thailand. This review article provides concept knowledge of the disease in humans and animals, the disease transmission, diagnosis and treatment.