Durable responses in refractory autoimmune hemolytic anemia with alemtuzumab

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia occurs due to an interaction of IgG antibodies with protein antigens expressed on red blood corpuscles. Glucocorticoids are the mainstay of treatment for autoimmune hemolytic anemia. For patients not responding to initial therapy, other agents such as rituximab, immunosuppressive therapy, or splenectomy are considered. When refractory to these treatment options, alemtuzumab is an alternative agent. However, long-term outcomes of patients supporting its use are lacking. We present three patients with refractory autoimmune hemolytic anemia treated with alemtuzumab.