Prevalence, patient and consultation characteristics of enuresis in Australian paediatric practice

AIM: To describe the prevalence and consultation characteristics of enuresis in Australian paediatric practice and assess for changes over a period of 5 years. METHODS: Data collected prospectively by paediatricians (outpatient settings) in 2008 and 2013, as part of the Children Attending Paediatricians Study. Consultations on children aged 5 years or over were included. Consultations in each cohort (2008 and 2013) categorised as either listing or not listing enuresis. Characteristics of the 'enuresis' versus 'non-enuresis' subgroup in each cohort were compared as were the enuresis subgroups 2008 versus 2013. RESULTS: Of 4175 and 4181 consultations in 2008 and 2013, enuresis was reported in 178 (4.3% - 2008) and 193 (4.6% - 2013). Constipation and encopresis were more prevalent in the enuresis versus non-enuresis subgroups (46 (25.8%) vs. 136 (3.4%) for constipation and 25 (14%) vs. 65 (1.6%) for encopresis in 2008; 52 (26.9%) vs. 160 (4%) for constipation and 25 (13%) vs. 78 (2%) for encopresis in 2013, both P < 0.001). The enuresis subgroup had more referrals to multidisciplinary teams (19 (10.7%) vs. 148 (3.7%) - 2008 and 21 (10.9%) vs. 163 (4.1%) - 2013, both P < 0.001) and allied health professionals (29 (16.3%) vs. 230 (5.8%) - 2008; 27 (14%) vs. 178 (4.5%) - 2013, both P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The overall frequency of presentation of children for management of enuresis was low. Prevalence/Consultation characteristics of enuresis were comparable over 5 years. Constipation and encopresis were significantly more prevalent in the enuresis subgroups.