The Study Natural Ventilation by Using Buildings Windows: Case Study in a Hot Dry Climate, Ghardaïa, Algeria

Natural ventilation in buildings can create a comfortable and healthy indoor environment, and save energy used in the mechanical ventilation systems, have an important role on the balance between heating and cooling needs, It is also necessary to study the possible combinations with natural resources. With natural ventilation the internal building structure is cooled through open windows and/or air vents, in order to provide a wind induced flow or stack effect. It is dependent on natural forces to move air through a building: so the disadvantage is that there is no direct control of the ventilation, but on the other hand it delivers low running costs and low energy usage by reducing the electrical energy used for air-conditioning. The building design must implement simple principles based on common sense and have proven their effectiveness in traditional constructions. It must be adapted to seasonal needs (warm in winter, cool in summer) and promote maximum passive solar gain and minimize losses In the first part of this article, the building geometry, its operation and the thermo-aerodynamics numerical model are developed under the TRNSYS-CONTAM environment are presented. In the second part, the simulation is performed for both cases; with ventilation natural night and without natural ventilation. The study will ensure the night ventilation door and window of the cell which are open from 20 pm until 8 am.