미국의 통상정책과 경상수지 불균형

After World War Ⅱ, the U.S. played an important role in the multilateral free trade system centered on the GATT. The U.S., the world largest market economy, will continue to have a large influence on the direction of the world trade system. U.S. trade policy has evolved from progressively furthering liberlization through the end of the 1960`s to standing against liberlization and bowing to protectionist pressures in the 1970`s and thereafter. The Section 301 approach and regionalism appproach, which have increasingly characterized recent U.S. trade policy, both tend to support interesta of U.S. export industies and perhaps can lead to export protectionism. As a result of these developments, U.S. trade policy as a whole is presently fairly protectionist. U.S. trade policy has become increasingly protectionist and this trend will probably continue into the foreseeable future, A fundamental change in U.S. policy-makers` thinking is indispensable in order for U.S. trade policy to return toward trade liberalization.