Physical cultural resources

The development objective of the Livestock Sector Innovation Project (NLSIP) for Nepal is to increase productivity, enhance value addition, and improve resilience of smallholder farms and agro-processing enterprises in selected livestock value chains in Nepal in three ecological and altitudinal zones. Some of the negative impacts are includes : (i) likely pollution of water resources and aquatic life from pesticide usage; (ii) poisoning from improper use of pesticides by farmers and farm assistants; (iii) impact from improper disposal of pesticide containers; (iv) production losses from threats from other crop pests and diseases; (v) large scale production losses from fruit fly and armyworm outbreaks; (vi) general health and safety of farmers and environmental hazards; Some of the mitigation measures are includes : (i) increased safety risks due to handling of machinery used in livestock farm, projects like slaughter house, dairy, etc.; (ii) contamination of vegetation (trees, crops etc.) due to unsafe disposal practices; (iii) improving the water efficiency, energy efficiency system in farms, promotion of composting, integration of waste water treatment facilities; (iv) farmyard manure could be prepared by slurry farm shed and dung of animals. This fertilizer makes the field more fertile rather than chemical fertilizers; (v) controlling access and removing obstacles to mobility on common pastures, use of soil conservation measures and sylvopastoralism, together with controlled livestock exclusion from sensitive areas; (vi) payment schemes for environmental services in livestock based land use to help reduce and reverse land degradation; (vii) improving animals diets to reduce enteric fermentation and consequent methane emissions and setting up biogas plant to initiatives to recycle manure; (viii) equal opportunity employment, no disparity in wages, establish good rapport with neighbors; (ix) health hazards associated with odour pollution and consumption of contaminated water; (x) use of safety signs in places, fencing of active work places/construction sites provision of PPE to workers.