Prospects for development of the oil market in the world

Crude oil and natural gas were in the twentieth century and are still the most important strategic resources, which determine many aspects of politics and the world economy.The price level and the availability of oil and gas has a huge impact on the economic situation of all countries of the world and developments in the oil market were the cause of many wars.The use of oil on an industrial scale it was observed at the end of the nineteenth century and once was considered the most effective source of energy for universal use.Since then, a steady increase of its share in the energy balances of the World.Even in the nineteenth century lighting in both homes and streets it was very comfortable and became an impulse for the greater use of oil.Growing automotive industry in the early twentieth century was also an important factor in increasing the use of oil, which is then processed in many emerging refineries.All this led to the development of the oil industry, which has become an alternative to coal as the main fuel so far.However, a major breakthrough in the use of oil occurred only after the Second World War, when began to rapidly develop such industries as chemical-based oil or plastics industry.Oil deposits occur most frequently together with the natural gas deposits in many areas of the world (Fig. 1).They were formed millions of years ago.Oil was formed from organic matter during the generational complex processes under specified temperature and pressure.Today also there are formed deposits of oil, but in geological time, what is not important for our civilization.The first oil fields were discovered in the mid-nineteenth century in the mountainous areas in the Carpathian Mountains, the Appalachian Mountains and the Caucasus and for some time, even at the beginning of the twentieth century there was the view that oil is present only in areas anticlinal formations.It was a so-called folded theory of the origin and the presence of oil, which is