2017Technical PhysicsRequires access

Photon electrodynamics and photon structure as a bunch of one of many possible states of electromagnetic field

A. I. Laptukhov

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Abstract

Fundamental laws of conservation are used to show that electromagnetic field is generally represented (even in vacuum at ρ = 0 and j = 0) using four vectors D , E , B , and H with different equations of state (material equations) that are linear for electromagnetic waves and nonlinear for photons and particles. An equation that describes different states of electromagnetic field (i.e., different but not arbitrary relationships of field vectors E , H , D , and B ) is derived. It is shown that electromagnetic wave and photon are different states of electromagnetic field that exhibit different dependences of energy density on field vectors. Partial analytical solutions are obtained for a photon (spatially localized bunch of electromagnetic field energy) that propagates at a velocity of light along a single (as distinct from electromagnetic wave) direction.

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What this paper is about

Fundamental laws of conservation are used to show that electromagnetic field is generally represented (even in vacuum at ρ = 0 and j = 0) using four vectors D , E , B , and H with different equations of state (material equations) that are linear for electromagnetic waves and nonlinear for photons and particles. An equation that describes different states of electromagnetic field (i.e., different but not arbitrary relationships of field vectors E , H , D , and B ) is derived. It is shown that electromagnetic wave and photon are different states of electromagnetic field that exhibit different dependences of energy density on field vectors. Partial analytical solutions are obtained for a photon (spatially localized bunch of electromagnetic field energy) that propagates at a velocity of light along a single (as distinct from electromagnetic wave) direction.

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Available abstract

Fundamental laws of conservation are used to show that electromagnetic field is generally represented (even in vacuum at ρ = 0 and j = 0) using four vectors D , E , B , and H with different equations of state (material equations) that are linear for electromagnetic waves and nonlinear for photons and particles. An equation that describes different states of electromagnetic field (i.e., different but not arbitrary relationships of field vectors E , H , D , and B ) is derived. It is shown that electromagnetic wave and photon are different states of electromagnetic field that exhibit different dependences of energy density on field vectors. Partial analytical solutions are obtained for a photon (spatially localized bunch of electromagnetic field energy) that propagates at a velocity of light along a single (as distinct from electromagnetic wave) direction.

Key concepts: Physics, Electromagnetic field, Photon, Electromagnetic radiation, Quantum electrodynamics, Optical field, Field (mathematics), Electromagnetic wave equation

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