Anurans from the mountain chain Serra do Mar: a critical area for amphibian conservation in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil

We present an anuran inventory of the mountain region of the Serra do Mar, Brazil, located in the Atlantic Forest biome. We conducted a fieldwork comprising the major and best well-preserved Atlantic Forest remnants from Brazil, using acoustic and visual nocturnal/diurnal assessments. In total, we recorded 99 anuran species, of which about 70% are endemic to the Atlantic Forest and represent around 20% of all amphibian species described for this biome. The high levels of endemism, the distribution patters and the conservation status of the anuran species turn the mountains of the Serra do Mar into a key conservation region for amphibians within the Atlantic Forest hotspot.