The effects of selected factors on pedestrian crossings in urban areas

Pedestrian crossings are designed to help pedestrians cross a road. There are at-grade pedestrian crossings with or without traffic lights and grade separated crossings such as subways and footbridges. Pedestrian crossings may be located next to a junction or on road sections between junctions. Where at-grade crossings are involved, pedestrians and motorists interact, which may lead to dangerous situations and road traffic conflicts. These mutual interactions between infrastructure users determine how pedestrian crossings operate. They also affect the operation of junctions, if located next to them. The article presents the most important factors that affect the operation of pedestrian crossings. Because of the multiplicity of factors, only one of the parameters of traffic factors is described in detail.