PROBLEMS OF INTERVENTION IN THE CIVIL PROCESS

The article considers the origin of the third-party institution in the civil process, its development and value for implementation of the right of access to the court. It also includes comparative analysis of the third parties stipulated in the project “The International Rules of Civil Procedure" of the American Law Institute (ALI) and the International Institute for the Unification of Private Law (UNIDROIT), and the third persons as envisaged in the Civil Code of Georgia. The article analyzes problems of implementation of the third-party institution in judicial practice adducing judicial decision which obviously demonstrate results of inappropriate application of the third-party institution. The decision demonstrates unacceptability of third-party lawsuits with the availability of a decision made on the arguable issue. The article emphasizes the role of third parties in reopening cases in view of newly discovered facts under the reason that they had not participated in the legal proceedings. The problem solution recommends assigning a judge with the power to subpoena potential third parties, thus preventing and reducing requirements to reopen cases in view of newly discovered facts. As a recommendation the article offers to assign the court with an authority to subpoena third persons according to the judge’s initiative, which would promote strengthening of the principle of finality of judgments and advancing the principle of procedural economy. At stipulation of international practice the article also recommends introducing the amicus curiae procedural mechanism in civil procedural legislation to avoid involvement into civil procedures such parties, rights and obligations of who are not impacted by judgment.