Політична метафорика як чинник політичної культури(Political metaphor as a factor of political culture)

У статті розглянуто метафору як чинник політичної культури. Подано теоретичні засади вивчення метафорики мови вітчизняними та зарубіжними лінгвістами. Проаналізовано метафору як один із ефективних стилістичних засобів мовного впливу у промовах Б. Обами. Описано різні види метафор у політичному дискурсі. Подано аналіз та наведено приклади найбільш вживаніших структурних моделей метафоричних конструкцій в промовах Б. Обами. (The article deals with the traditional ways of using metaphors in political speeches as a factor of political culture. The research is done with consideration of the general definition of the basic concepts of metaphors. The theoretical principles of the study of metaphor in political language by Ukrainian and foreign linguists are described. Different approaches to the principles of the classification of metaphor are analyzed. The metaphor is analyzed as one of the effective means of stylistic influence of language in the speeches by Barack Obama. The diversity of structural units is discussed as well as different types of metaphors in political discourse are described. The examples of the most common structural models and vivid examples of metaphors in the speeches of Barack Obama are provided. It is also pointed out that the use of certain structural models makes the political speeches more expressive and persuasive. The desired impact on the audience to some extent is possible due to the usage of metaphors in the political speeches. It is obvious that Barack Obama’s metaphorical speech creates a friendly atmosphere and appeals to the audience. It is proved that such approach is one of the most effective in politics.)