Rampart Craters on Ganymede Europa, Mars and Earth: Implications for Layered (Fluidized) Ejecta Emplacement

We have identified layered ejecta craters on Ganymede and Europa whose layers ter-minate in ramparts similar to those of layered ejecta craters on Mars [1] (Fig. 1). The mor-phology of these craters suggests that their ejecta were fluidized during emplacement in a manner similar to Martian layered ejecta. These craters most resemble Martian double-layer ejecta (DLE) craters, with the exception of the small Ganymede crater, Nergal, that is most like a Martian single-layer ejecta (SLE) crater. Lonar, a terrestrial fluidized ejecta crater with a single ramaprt, appears to be most similar to Martian SLE craters.