Applications of Cellulose Nanocrystals

The discussion on cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs)-based applications focus on the following six themes: thermoplastic and thermoset polymer melts and composites, pickering emulsions, gels, and hydrogels, mesoporous photonic materials and structures, sensors and actuators, flexible organic electronics, and biomedicine include, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and antiviral vaccinations. It outlines basic definitions concerning polymer composites and the requirements for surface functionalization of CNCs. The chapter discusses the most salient concepts around toxicological research in relation to CNC environmental, health, and safety considerations. Many researchers have consequently tuned their attention to examining ideal scenarios, and focused on exploring the “ideal” potential of high-performance reinforcement for CNCs. The chapter shows the importance to develop quantifiable measures or tools for assessing dispersion-particularly in nonpolar, hydrophobic-polymer matrices via examining the effects of CNC surface energy, drying methods, and surface functionalization on dispersion, compatibility, and performance.