2017•The Journal of Infectious DiseasesOpen access
Nasosorption as a Minimally Invasive Sampling Procedure: Mucosal Viral Load and Inflammation in Primary RSV Bronchiolitis
Ryan S. Thwaites, Kazuhiro Ito, Jasmine M. S. Chingono, Matthew Coates, Hannah C. Jarvis, Tanushree Tunstall, Lauren Anderson-Dring, Lindsey Cass, Garth Rapeport, Peter Openshaw, Simon Nadel, Trevor T. Hansel
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Abstract
Background: Existing respiratory mucosal sampling methods are flawed, particularly in a pediatric bronchiolitis setting. Methods: Twenty-four infants with bronchiolitis were recruited: 12 were respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-positive, 12 were RSV-negative. Infants were sampled by nasosorption and nasopharyngeal aspiration (NPA). Results: Nasosorption was well tolerated and identified all RSV+ samples. RSV load measured by nasosorption (but not NPA) correlated with length of hospital stay (P = .04) and requirement for mechanical ventilation (P = .03). Nasosorption (but not NPA) levels of interferon γ, interleukin 1β, CCL5/RANTES, and interleukin 10 (IL-10) were elevated in RSV+ bronchiolitis (all P < .05), furthermore CCL5 and IL-10 correlated with RSV load (P < .05). Conclusions: Nasosorption allowed measurement of RSV load and the mucosal inflammatory response in infants.