Adult emergence inhibition activity of Cleistanthus collinus (Roxb.) (Euphorbiaceae) leaf extracts against Aedes aegypti (L.), Anopheles stephensi Liston and Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae)

To determine adult emergence inhibition activity of Cleistanthus collinus crude leaf extracts against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus. Adult emergence inhibition activity of crude aqueous leaf extracts of Cleistanthus collinus were assayed for their toxicity at concentrations of 500 and 1000 mg/L. Larval and pupal period lasted nine and three days in Aedes aegypti followed by ten and three days in Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus treated individuals. In the case of control it took eight and two days. Larval duration increased in treated individuals and total developmental period (larval and pupal development) took twelve, thirteen and thirteen days in Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus whereas in control it was ten days. The growth index was 2.5, 2.1 and 3.9 respectively. Adult emergence inhibition was noted in Aedes aegypti followed by Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus when larval and pupal development was arrested resulting in decreased pupal transformation. Larval and pupal periods were prolonged with appearance of larval–pupal and pupal–adult intermediates.