Flow Calculation Around Rudder and Spanker

Nowadays, various CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) methods are used for simulating the flow around rudder or each appe ndage on the h ull. However, turbulent flow in 1 arge Reynolds number cannot be ca lculated easily by numerical method. Then, the turbulent flow models are introduced into the conventional CFD code. DNS (Direct Numerical Simulation) is the method of solving the Navier-Stokes equation directly without any turbulent flow model. Theoretically, it can simulate all turbulent flow. In this study, the flow around rudder and spanker were simulated by DNS. The simulated flow and fluid forces comparatively well corresponded with the experimental results. As the results, rudder and spanker characteristics can be obtained without experiment. This method is e xpected to applying various appendages design such as rudder or spanker.