313 Clinical Experience of Standard Channel Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for Treatment of Upper Urinary Tract Calculi

To evaluate the efficiacy and safety of standard channel perentaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for the treatment of upper urinary tract calculus. We retrospectively analyzed the records of 418 patients who had undergone PCNL in our department from January 2005 to june 2014.92 cases of them were upper ureteral calculi, 132 cases were single renal calculi, 152 cases were multiple renal calculi, 42 cases were Staghorn calculi. Calculus size was 1.0cm×1.4cm～3.5cm×8.7cm, mean 2.4cm×3.5 cm. 314 cases were with hydronephrosis. 92 cases were with renal dysfunction. Standard channel percutaneous nephrolithotomy was used. All patients were performed PCNL successfully.299 cases were cured by one tunnel way, 97 renal units by double tunnel, and 22 renal units by three tunnels.The average time for whole surgery was 86 (25～210) min, 46 cases of 53 were given extracorporeal shock～wave lithotripsy. 3 cases was given super-selection renal artery embolism for bleeding control. 37 cases with postoperative high fever (>37.5°C), 3 cases with septic shock. No complication occurred during 1 to 24 months’ follow-up. 66 cases with renal dysfunction recovered, 19 cases improved with different degrees.