MULTIDRUG RESISTANT ESCHERICHIA COLI AND KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE FROM THE URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO EXTENDED SPECTRUM β-LACTAMASE (ESBL) PRODUCTION

The Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria are increasingly causing urinary tract infections (UTIs) both in hospitalized and outpatients. The increase of multi drug resistance among these organisms has made therapy of UTI difficult and has led to greater use of expensive broad spectrum third generation cephalosporin antibiotics. The aim of this present study is to isolate the Urinary Tract Infection causing E.coli and K.pneumoniae from the patient's samples and also to find out the ESBL production and Multi drug resistance of these isolates. This study was done on a total of 88 bacterial isolates (63 were E. coli and 25 K. pneumoniae) from 115 urine samples. ESBL production was identified using Cefotoxime (30mcg) and Ceftazidime (30mcg) by Combination Disc Method (CDM). A total of 51 isolates (57.95%) were identified as ESBL positive. Out of these 51 isolates, 32 were E. coil and 19 K. pneumoniae. Multi drug resistance (MDRs) of ESBL producers and Non-ESBL producers were screened by Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion Method using antibiotic discs. ESBL producing isolates showed high resistance to antibiotics compared to Non-ESBLs. ESBL producing isolates were showing drug resistant to >5 antibiotics. Screening and monitoring of ESBL production and antimicrobial susceptibility testing are necessary to avoid treatment failure in patients with UTI.