WATT BALANCES AND THE FUTURE OF THE KILOGRAM
M Stöck
Abstract
M Stöck
Abstract
The kilogram is the only base unit of the SI system still defined by a material artefact. A number of laboratories are working on experiments to replace the current definition by one based on fundamental constants. The paper gives an overview over these techniques with special emphasis on watt balances. The BIPM, being the custodian of the international prototype of the kilogram, has recently started to develop a watt balance whose distinctive features are described. The paper concludes with an overview of the existing experimental results and their implications for the evolution of the kilogram definition and of the SI as a whole.
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The kilogram is the only base unit of the SI system still defined by a material artefact. A number of laboratories are working on experiments to replace the current definition by one based on fundamental constants. The paper gives an overview over these techniques with special emphasis on watt balances. The BIPM, being the custodian of the international prototype of the kilogram, has recently started to develop a watt balance whose distinctive features are described. The paper concludes with an overview of the existing experimental results and their implications for the evolution of the kilogram definition and of the SI as a whole.
Key concepts: Kilogram, Watt, Unit (ring theory), International System of Units, Engineering, Electrical engineering, Computer science, Mathematics