Leadership Style Of Middle Level Managers In Pakistan: A Study Of Gender Role
Zahra, Naseem, Sheikh Zahoor Sarwar, Ali T. Baig
Abstract
Zahra, Naseem, Sheikh Zahoor Sarwar, Ali T. Baig
Abstract
In this study the Transformational, Transactional and laissez faire leadership styles within the organizations are discussed. The purpose of this research was to measure the leadership style of middle level managers both males and females within organizations in Pakistan. Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire developed by Avolio and Bass in 1994 is used for this purpose. Leadership on seven factors i.e. Idealized influence, Inspirational motivation, Intellectual stimulation, Individualized Consideration, Contingent reward, Management by expectation and Laissez-faire Leadership is also measured in this research. It was concluded that overall Transactional leadership style is dominant in middle level managers of Pakistan as compare to transformational leadership style and also females are more transactional than males. Transformational leadership style is dominant in females as compared to males. Also females exhibit more Laissez Faire in contrast to males.
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In this study the Transformational, Transactional and laissez faire leadership styles within the organizations are discussed. The purpose of this research was to measure the leadership style of middle level managers both males and females within organizations in Pakistan. Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire developed by Avolio and Bass in 1994 is used for this purpose. Leadership on seven factors i.e. Idealized influence, Inspirational motivation, Intellectual stimulation, Individualized Consideration, Contingent reward, Management by expectation and Laissez-faire Leadership is also measured in this research. It was concluded that overall Transactional leadership style is dominant in middle level managers of Pakistan as compare to transformational leadership style and also females are more transactional than males. Transformational leadership style is dominant in females as compared to males. Also females exhibit more Laissez Faire in contrast to males.
Key concepts: Transformational leadership, Transactional leadership, Leadership style, Psychology, Style (visual arts), Social psychology, Geography, Archaeology