Molecular and cellular parameters of ageing: an overview

Ageing is characterized by a progressive loss of physiological integrity, leading to impaired function and increased propensity to death. Ageing is an actively regulated metabolic process. This wear and tear is the primary risk factor for major human pathologies including diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. Approximately worldwide 1 lakh people die each day of age related causes. Ageing, which we define as the time-dependent functional decline that affects most living organisms, has attracted inquisitiveness and excited imagination throughout the history of mankind. Nowadays, ageing is subjected to scientific analysis based on the ever-expanding familiarity of the molecular and cellular basis of life and disease as specific genes have been recognized that regulate ageing. The time-dependent accretion of cellular damage is widely considered the general cause of ageing. In this study we tried to exemplify few parameters which regulates ageing and some pathways to increase life span or protecting mutation of cells into cancerous growth.