A hybrid model for sparsely populated vanets

Road accidents have been a serious issue of all times. With the increase in vehicular traffic and frequent changes introduced to the road surface, the frequency of accidents has increased a lot. The issue can be overcome by embracing modern technology by forming a vehicular adhoc vehicular network namely VANET. The intelligence about the road surface or traffic can be disseminated amid vehicles in this network in order to equip themselves against accidents. The vehicles can use wireless communication in a Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle to Road side unit(V2R) or Vehicle-to-infrastructure(V2I) mode in order to share such information. On Board units (OBU), Road side units (RSU) or combination of both can be used in order to perform opportunistic forwarding of the data. The proposed system uses a hybrid model implementing V2I and V2R communication and advocates minimal V2V communication due to its issues especially in sparsely populated areas. The availability of rich information readily helps to perform traffic routing and hence avoid the accident in timely manner. A VANET simulation is performed to show the working of the proposed work.