Smart grid technology: Communications, power electronics and control system

Conventional grid has been transformed to more efficient grid by included several technology inside, named as a smart grid. This presenting paper discussed the characteristics of smart grid that will provide the benefits in six main area; reliability, economics, efficiency, environmental, security and safety. The stakeholder of the selected country in order to build a smart grid also been discussed by giving the list of country effort in literature review. The elements of reliability, economics, efficiency, environmental, security and safety needs the combination of several technology to make it real. Therefore, in this paper a discussion is extremely focus on technology required to build a smart grid; communication, power electronics and control system. In communication area, the protocol like Zigbee, Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and Stream Control Transmission Proto-col (SCTP) have the potential to be applied in smart grid data transferring. In power electronic side, the function of power converter is deliberated in order to integrate various item into a smart grid. The function of control system has been discussed to relate the connectivity of each technology required in smart grid. Finally, the issues and challenges in smart grid area that attracted many researches has been discussed in the last portion of this paper.